{"id":1624,"date":"2016-03-14T17:19:00","date_gmt":"2016-03-14T21:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/?p=1624"},"modified":"2020-12-15T03:57:13","modified_gmt":"2020-12-15T08:57:13","slug":"la-nouvelle-menace-qui-augmente-la-transmission-optique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/newest-threat-increasing-optical-transmission\/","title":{"rendered":"La nouvelle menace \u00e0 l&#039;augmentation de la transmission optique"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">OPGW (fil de terre optique)<\/a>\u00a0est une technologie con\u00e7ue \u00e0 l&#039;origine pour se prot\u00e9ger des effets nocifs de la foudre. Les c\u00e2bles OPGW sont suspendus entre les sommets des pyl\u00f4nes de distribution \u00e9lectrique pour former un paratonnerre pour les c\u00e2bles conducteurs d&#039;\u00e9nergie situ\u00e9s en dessous. Si un coup de foudre frappe le c\u00e2ble OPGW, le rev\u00eatement ext\u00e9rieur en acier\/aluminium prot\u00e8ge le c\u00e2ble et le coup de foudre est d\u00e9vi\u00e9 sans danger. Les c\u00e2bles OPGW jouent un r\u00f4le important dans la transmission de donn\u00e9es optiques. Le noyau du c\u00e2ble contient des fibres optiques qui peuvent transmettre des donn\u00e9es \u00e0 des d\u00e9bits allant jusqu&#039;\u00e0 100 Gbps ou plus. En s&#039;appuyant sur l&#039;infrastructure de distribution \u00e9lectrique existante, l&#039;OPGW permet de r\u00e9duire consid\u00e9rablement les co\u00fbts associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la transmission longue distance des donn\u00e9es. Les c\u00e2bles OPGW jouent un double r\u00f4le de d\u00e9viateur de foudre et d&#039;\u00e9metteur de donn\u00e9es car \u00e0 des d\u00e9bits de donn\u00e9es inf\u00e9rieurs de 40 Gbps ou moins, le sch\u00e9ma de d\u00e9tection directe utilis\u00e9 (dans lequel le r\u00e9cepteur g\u00e8re l&#039;amplitude du signal optique) est insensible aux coups de foudre. \u00c0 des d\u00e9bits de donn\u00e9es plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s de 100 Gbps par canal, un passage de la d\u00e9tection directe \u00e0 la d\u00e9tection coh\u00e9rente est n\u00e9cessaire. Les d\u00e9tecteurs coh\u00e9rents suivent non seulement l&#039;amplitude, mais \u00e9galement la phase et la fr\u00e9quence du signal optique, permettant de grandes am\u00e9liorations de la sensibilit\u00e9 du r\u00e9cepteur et de la capacit\u00e9 du canal. Les indicateurs sugg\u00e8rent que des taux de transmission plus rapides entra\u00eenent une plus grande sensibilit\u00e9 aux coups de foudre. Dans un article intitul\u00e9 \u00ab<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lightwaveonline.com\/articles\/2016\/03\/lightning-affects-coherent-optical-transmission-in-aerial-fiber.html\" target=\"_blank\">Impact de la foudre sur le c\u00e2ble a\u00e9rien \u00e0 fibre optique<\/a>\u00bb, le Dr Maxim Kuschnerov et le Dr Maximilian Herrmann, technologues en optique chez Coriant, d\u00e9crivent comment les coups de foudre deviennent d\u00e9sormais un probl\u00e8me qui doit \u00eatre r\u00e9solu. Les experts notent que lorsque la foudre frappe un c\u00e2ble OPGW, un choc m\u00e9canique et thermique peut provoquer des changements rapides dans la dispersion du mode de polarisation (PMD) qui peuvent submerger les capacit\u00e9s des conceptions DSP actuelles \u00e0 s&#039;adapter rapidement. Plus important encore, un coup de foudre peut induire de puissants champs magn\u00e9tiques dans les fibres optiques du c\u00e2ble OPGW, &quot;provoquant un effet Faraday sur la propagation de la lumi\u00e8re&quot;. Kuschnerov et Herrmann citent Jean-S\u00e9bastien Tass\u00e9, responsable de la gamme de produits de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de test et de mesure EXFO, affirmant qu&#039;un certain nombre de cas dans le monde ont \u00e9t\u00e9 constat\u00e9s dans lesquels \u00ab\u00a0la foudre est une cause hautement probable d&#039;augmentation du taux d&#039;erreur sur les bits (BER) dans des syst\u00e8mes coh\u00e9rents. Les preuves indiquent qu&#039;avec le passage \u00e0 des syst\u00e8mes de d\u00e9tection coh\u00e9rents \u00e0 mesure que les d\u00e9bits de donn\u00e9es augmentent \u00e0 100 Gbps et au-del\u00e0, l&#039;industrie des t\u00e9l\u00e9communications doit commencer \u00e0 accorder beaucoup plus d&#039;attention aux effets que la foudre peut avoir sur la fiabilit\u00e9 et le d\u00e9bit des syst\u00e8mes de transmission bas\u00e9s sur OPGW. Pour en savoir plus sur ces technologies ou pour discuter de vos besoins en mati\u00e8re d&#039;\u00e9metteur-r\u00e9cepteur optique, veuillez\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/contact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nous contacter<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#039;OPGW (fil de terre optique) est une technologie con\u00e7ue \u00e0 l&#039;origine pour se prot\u00e9ger des effets nocifs de la foudre.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1625,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1624","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1624","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1624"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1624\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1625"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.precisionot.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}